A Study on Epidemiological Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer and Its Preventive Measures Among 30 to 70 Years Age Group in West Bengal: A cross-sectional observational study

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies globally. Its increasing incidence in India, particularly in urbanizing regions like West Bengal, demands an understanding of associated risk factors and the extent of preventive health practices. Objective: To analyse the epidemiological factors associated with colorectal cancer among individuals aged 30 to 70 years in West Bengal and assess their awareness and adoption of preventive measures. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted with 32 histologically confirmed CRC patients in a tertiary care hospital. Epidemiological data, risk factors, and preventive practices were collected through structured interviews and medical records. Results: Key risk factors included a sedentary lifestyle (68.7%), high red meat consumption (53.1%), low fiber intake (62.5%), obesity (40.6%), and family history (15.6%). Only 21.8% of participants had undergone any form of CRC screening before diagnosis. Awareness about CRC prevention was low (34.4%). Conclusion in West Bengal is associated with modifiable risk factors. Public health interventions focusing on lifestyle modification, diet, and screening awareness are crucial for prevention.