A STUDY ON METOCLOPRAMIDE-INDUCED ACUTE DYSTONIA IN ADOLESCENTS IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF PURBA MEDINIPUR. A PROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Background: Metoclopramide, a dopamine antagonist, is frequently prescribed as an antiemetic. However, it can lead to extrapyramidal side effects, including acute dystonia, especially in younger populations. Objective: To evaluate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and treatment outcomes of metoclopramide-induced acute dystonia in adolescents attending a tertiary care centre in Purba Medinipur. Methods: A prospective observational study of 24 adolescents (aged 10–19 years) who developed acute dystonia following metoclopramide use. Demographic details, clinical features, dosage history, time of onset, and treatment response were analysed. Results: The majority of cases occurred within 24 hours of drug administration. Females (62.5%) were more commonly affected. Common risk factors included high doses, young age, and absence of prior anticholinergic prophylaxis. All patients responded well to intravenous diphenhydramine or promethazine. Conclusion: Acute dystonia is a preventable adverse effect of metoclopramide. Judicious use, particularly in adolescents, and awareness among clinicians is essential for early recognition and prompt treatment.