Disparities in Cervical Cancer Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcomes: A Comparative Study Between Rural and Urban Populations in Tamil Nadu, India

Abstract

Aims and Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the disparities in the presentation, diagnosis, treatment initiation, and outcomes of cervical cancer among rural and urban populations in Tamil Nadu, India. The study also examines the impact of socioeconomic factors, health-seeking behavior, and access to healthcare facilities on treatment completion and prognosis.
Materials and Methods: A comparative observational study was conducted among cervical cancer patients from an institutional palliative care center in a rural headquarters hospital and an urban tertiary cancer center. Demographic data, disease presentation, histopathology, treatment modality, and compliance were analyzed. Statistical significance was assessed using appropriate tests (p < 0.05 considered significant).
Results: Rural patients had a longer delay in diagnosis (7 months vs. 3 months, p < 0.04) and treatment initiation (6.3 vs. 3.5 months, p < 0.04). Fewer rural patients completed chemoradiation and brachytherapy (12 vs. 19, p < 0.03). Advanced-stage presentation and poorly differentiated histology were more common in rural patients. Hematologic toxicities and anemia were significant prognostic factors affecting compliance.
Conclusion: Significant rural-urban disparities exist in cervical cancer management, influenced by access to healthcare, socioeconomic status, and treatment compliance. Strengthening screening programs, early referrals, and optimizing treatment accessibility can improve outcomes for rural patients