A comparative study of preoperative nebulization of Magnesium sulphate and Ketamine HCL for attenuation of post operative sore throat, hoarseness of voice and cough

Abstract

Postoperative sore throat, hoarseness, and coughing are frequent and distressing complications following tracheal intubation. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of preoperative nebulization with magnesium sulfate and ketamine hydrochloride in reducing these postoperative symptoms. Patients and Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted involving 90 patients scheduled for general anesthesia with orotracheal intubation. The participants were divided randomly into three groups of 30 each:  Group K received nebulization with 50 mg ketamine HCl,  Group M received 500 mg magnesium sulfate, and  Group S received 5 ml normal saline. Postoperative assessments were conducted at 0, 2, 4, 12, and 24 hours to evaluate sore throat, hoarseness, and cough. Results: Both ketamine and magnesium sulfate significantly reduced postoperative sore throat, hoarseness, and coughing compared to saline (p < 0.05). Ketamine demonstrated superior effectiveness in reducing sore throat and cough at 0, 2, and 4 hours compared to magnesium sulfate. Additionally, ketamine was more effective in alleviating hoarseness at 2, 4, and 12 hours (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in hemodynamic parameters before or after nebulization and intubation, and no adverse effects were reported in any of the groups. Conclusion: Preoperative nebulization with ketamine HCl and magnesium sulfate effectively reduces postoperative sore throat, hoarseness, and cough, with ketamine showing greater efficacy than magnesium sulfate