A STUDY ON THE PREVALENCE OF AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION (AMD) AND ITS RISK FACTORS AND ITS MANAGEMENT: CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss in the elderly. Identifying its prevalence and associated risk factors is essential for early intervention and appropriate management. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of AMD among individuals aged 50 and above and evaluate associated risk factors and current management strategies. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 42 patients aged ≥50 years. Comprehensive ocular examinations were done using fundus photography and OCT. Data on demographics, comorbidities, lifestyle, and treatment modalities were collected and analyzed. Results: AMD was detected in 15 out of 42 participants (35.7%). The prevalence was higher in those aged >70 years, smokers, and hypertensive individuals. Management primarily involved antioxidant supplementation and intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. Conclusion: The prevalence of AMD is significant in older adults. Early detection, lifestyle modification, and appropriate treatment can help slow disease progression and preserve vision.