A Study on the Incidence and Risk Factors of Hypoglycaemia Among Neonates: A Hospital-Based Analysis

Abstract

Background: Neonatal hypoglycemia is one of the most common metabolic disorders in the early neonatal period. If unrecognized or untreated, it can lead to serious neurological sequelae. Objective: To determine the incidence and evaluate the risk factors associated with hypoglycemia in neonates. Methods: This observational study was conducted on 28 neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or observed in the postnatal ward. Blood glucose levels were measured within 24 hours of birth. Demographic data and maternal/neonatal risk factors were assessed. Results: The incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia was 32.1%. Common risk factors included low birth weight, maternal diabetes, preterm birth, and perinatal asphyxia. Timely identification and intervention led to favorable outcomes in most cases. Conclusion: Neonatal hypoglycemia is a prevalent condition, especially in high-risk newborns. Awareness of the risk factors and early glucose screening is vital for prevention of complications.