Histopathological Spectrum Of Neoplastic Lesions Of Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

Abstract

Objectives- To study the incidence, age, sex and site wise distribution of neoplastic
lesions of lower Gastrointestinal tract.
Methods- The study is conducted both retrospective (from July 2021 to December
2022) and prospective (from January 2023 to June 2024) over a period of 3 years in
the department of pathology JLN Medical college, Ajmer. The biopsy specimen of
lower Gastrointestinal tract received were fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin and
routinely processed. Special stains and IHC done whenever required.
Result- A total of 121 neoplasms of lower Gastrointestinal tract are analysed, in
which 40 (33.06%) are benign and 81 (66.94%) are malignant. Most common site is
Rectum 65 cases(53.72%),of which most common benign case is Juvenile Polyp 17
cases (42.5%) and most common Malignant lesion is Moderately Differentiated
Adenocarcinoma 17 cases (21%).
Conclusion- In the present study most common age group affected is between 0-10
years in Benign Neoplastic lesions and 61-70 years in Malignant Neoplastic lesions
with the mean age of presentation being 42.67±23.22 years. A male preponderance is
seen in the occurence of tumors with M:F ratio of 1.42 :1. The commonest
malignancy is adenocarcinoma 49 cases (40.49%), common benign neoplasm is
Juvenile Polyp 17 cases (42.5%).Most of the malignant neoplasm occurred in
Rectum 37 cases (45.68%). In the present analysis Small Intestinal Neoplasm are less
common in comparison to Neoplasm of Large Intestine