AN EVALUATION STUDY ON CHRONIC SUPPURATIVE OTITIS MEDIA (CSOM) AND ITS RISK FACTORS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

Abstract

Background: Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a common middle ear infection that poses a significant public health problem in developing countries. It is associated with hearing loss and has several risk factors. Objectives: To study the prevalence, demographic distribution, and associated risk factors of CSOM in patients attending the ENT outpatient department. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 42 patients diagnosed with CSOM. Detailed history, clinical examination, and risk factor assessment were done using a structured proforma. Results: The study revealed a higher prevalence of CSOM in lower socio-economic classes and among rural populations. The most common risk factors included recurrent upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), poor ear hygiene, and overcrowding. The age group most affected was 11–30 years. Males were slightly more affected than females. Conclusion: CSOM is significantly associated with preventable risk factors such as poor hygiene, recurrent URTIs, and low socioeconomic conditions. Early intervention and public health education are crucial in controlling the disease.