Strategies for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Addressing Risk Factors and Promoting Healthy Lifestyles

Abstract

ABSTRACT
Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death globally, with modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, smoking, and poor diet contributing to the burden. Preventive strategies focusing on lifestyle modifications, early detection, and management of risk factors are essential to reduce the incidence of CVD. This article reviews the effectiveness of these preventive strategies and offers recommendations for improving population-level cardiovascular health.
Methods: This review analyzes recent studies and meta-analyses from 2018 to 2024, examining interventions targeting CVD risk factors, including dietary changes, physical activity, and pharmacological management. It also explores the role of healthcare systems in supporting preventive care.
Results: Evidence supports the effectiveness of lifestyle modifications in preventing CVD. A balanced diet, regular physical activity, and smoking cessation have been shown to reduce the incidence of heart disease. Pharmacological interventions, such as statins and antihypertensive medications, are effective for individuals with high-risk profiles.
Conclusion: Preventive strategies targeting CVD risk factors can significantly reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease. Healthcare systems must prioritize preventive care, promote healthy lifestyles, and ensure early detection of risk factors to improve population health.