Epidemiological Profile, Prevalence, and Pattern of Ocular Injuries in the Industrial Region of West Bengal: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Industrial workers in West Bengal are at high risk of ocular injuries due to occupational hazards. Eyes are most precious of our sense organs. About 285 million people are visually impaired worldwide. 39 million are blind and 246 million have low vision. 80% of all visual impairment can be prevented, treated or cured. About 90% of the world's visually impaired people live in developing countries where ocular morbidities are major public health problem Objective: To determine the prevalence, demographic patterns, and causative factors of ocular injuries. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 126 participants from industrial regions of West Bengal. Data were collected via structured questionnaires and clinical examinations. A written and informed consent was taken from the patient regarding the study in his/her vernacular language and English. In this study Patients were subjected to: A detailed history of sign & symptoms and its duration Results: The prevalence of ocular injuries was 77.8%, with the highest incidence among males (77.8%) and workers aged 18–30years (41%). The most common causes were metal particles (46%), chemical splashes (27%), and blunt trauma (17.5%). Workers without protective eyewear had 3.2 times higher odds (OR=3.2, 95% CI: 1.8–5.6) of injury. Conclusion: This study confirms that Ocular injuries are highly prevalent in West Bengal’s industrial workers, primarily due to metal exposure and lack of protective measures. Following Key interventions included, Mandatory PPE enforcement (especially for welders).