Association of Insulin Resistance with Pulmonary Function in Hypothyroid Patients

Abstract

Background: Hypothyroidism is associated with various metabolic disturbances, including insulin resistance and altered pulmonary function. This study aimed to assess the association between insulin resistance and pulmonary function in patients with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism.
Methods: A total of 100 participants were enrolled, including 50 patients with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Metabolic parameters, including BMI, fasting glucose, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR, were measured. Pulmonary function tests (FEV₁, FVC, and FEV₁/FVC ratio) were performed to evaluate lung function.
Results: The hypothyroid group showed significantly higher BMI, TSH levels, and HOMA-IR values compared to controls (p < 0.001), indicating increased insulin resistance. Pulmonary function tests revealed significantly reduced FEV₁ and FVC in the hypothyroid group, while the FEV₁/FVC ratio remained unchanged, suggesting a restrictive ventilatory defect. A positive association was observed between increased insulin resistance and reduced lung function parameters.
Conclusion: Patients with hypothyroidism exhibit significant insulin resistance and impaired pulmonary function. The findings suggest a potential link between metabolic dysfunction and restrictive lung abnormalities in hypothyroid patients, highlighting the importance of early metabolic and respiratory assessment in this population.